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De Havilland Aircraft Museum

De Havilland Aircraft Museum

Military Aircraft

Airspeed Horaa MK1

Airspeed Horaa MK1 Cockpit
Airspeed Horaa MK1 Cockpit
Airspeed Horsa Fuselage

Airspeed AS.51 Horsa

The Airspeed AS.51 Horsa was a British troop-carrying glider used during World War II. The Horsa played a significant role in several major operations during World War II, including the D-Day landings and Operation Market Garden.

Design and Development: The Horsa was designed by Airspeed Limited in response to Specification X.26/40, which called for a large assault glider capable of carrying up to 30 fully equipped troops. The design team was headed by aircraft designer Hessell Tiltman and initially worked at the de Havilland technical school in Hatfield, Hertfordshire, before moving to Salisbury Hall, London ColneyThe design team was headed by aircraft designer Hessell Tiltman and initially worked at the de Havilland technical school in Hatfield, Hertfordshire, before moving to Salisbury Hall, London Colney

Production: The initial production of 695 gliders was carried out at Airspeed's factory in Christchurch, Hampshire. Additional production was handled by various subcontractors, including Austin Motors and Harris Lebus, a furniture manufacturer. A total of 3,655 Horsa gliders were built during the war.

Capabilities and Usage: The Horsa could carry up to 30 fully equipped troops or a combination of troops and equipment, such as a Jeep and a 6-pounder anti-tank gun

Variants: The Horsa Mk I and Mk II were virtually identical in appearance and performance, with the Mk II incorporating some design improvements

References

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DH98 Mosquito FB.MK.VI

de Havilland DH.98 Mosquito FB Mk.VI
DH98 Mosquito Hangar
DH98 Mosquito FB.MK.VI
DH98 Mosquito FB.MK.VI
DH98 Mosquito FB.MK.VI

Mosquito FB Mk.VI TA122

Construction and Early Service: The Mosquito FB Mk.VI TA122 was built at Hatfield and taken on charge at 44 Maintenance Unit (MU) on March 10, 1945. It was later issued to 49 Aircraft Repair Facility (ARF)

Current Location: This aircraft is currently part of the collection at the de Havilland Aircraft Museum located in London Colney, Hertfordshire. The museum houses several Mosquito variants, including the FB Mk.VI TA122

Design and Role: The FB Mk.VI variant was specifically designed as a fighter-bomber, equipped with four Browning 0.303-inch machine guns in the nose and four Hispano Mk.II 20mm cannons in the forward bomb bay

Museum Recognition: The de Havilland Aircraft Museum, where the FB Mk.VI TA122 is displayed, has been recognized for its excellence, receiving the Certificate of Excellence Hall of Fame from TripAdvisor for consistently earning high praise from visitors

References

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DH98 Mosquito TT.35 TA634

DH98 Mosquito B.MK.35
DH98 Mosquito TT.35 TA634
DH98 Mosquito TT.35 TA634

TA634

The Mosquito TT Mk.35 was the target tug version used by the RAF and was among the last Mosquitos to remain in operational service, finally retired in 1963

The specific aircraft TA634 was built in 1945 as a B.Mk.35 and was one of the last Mosquitos constructed at Hatfield, powered by Merlin 114 engines. It was later adapted for target-towing duties as a TT Mk.35. This aircraft was featured in the film "Mosquito Squadron" in 1968 and was officially handed over to the de Havilland Museum at Salisbury Hall on May 15, 1971

References

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DH98 Mosquito B.MK.35

DH98 Mosquito Prototype

DH98 Mosquito Prototype
DH98 Mosquito Prototype
DH98 Mosquito Prototype
DH98 Mosquito Prototype
DH98 Mosquito Prototype
DH98 Mosquito Prototype

The Mosquito prototype was first flown on November 25, 1940, piloted by Geoffrey de Havilland, Jr., accompanied by John Walker, the designer of the engine installation

The prototype was painted overall yellow and rolled out on November 19, 1940, just 10 months and 26 days after its inception

The first prototype, serial W4050, still survives and is preserved at the De Havilland Mosquito Museum at Salisbury Hall, alongside the M25 motorway

References

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de Havilland DH.98 Mosquito

The de Havilland DH.98 Mosquito, often referred to as the "Wooden Wonder" or "Mossie," is a British twin-engined, multirole combat aircraft that played a significant role during World War II. Here are some key points about the DH.98 Mosquito:

Design and Construction: The Mosquito was unique for its time because its airframe was constructed mostly of wood. This design choice was due to the scarcity of metal during the war and the availability of skilled woodworkers. The use of wood also made the aircraft lighter and faster.

Versatility: Originally conceived as an unarmed fast bomber, the Mosquito's role evolved during the war to include low- to medium-altitude daytime tactical bomber, high-altitude night bomber, pathfinder, day or night fighter, fighter-bomber, intruder, maritime strike, and photo-reconnaissance aircraft.

Performance: The Mosquito was one of the fastest operational aircraft in the early 1940s. Its speed and range allowed it to roam almost at will over enemy-occupied territory. It was designed for speed and range as a two-seat unarmed light bomber, unarmed reconnaissance aircraft, and long-range fighter.

Notable Operations: The Mosquito was involved in several notable operations, including Operation Jericho, an attack on Amiens Prison in early 1944, and precision attacks against military intelligence, security, and police facilities such as Gestapo headquarters. It also famously knocked out the main Berlin broadcasting station during a speech by Hermann Göring

Production and Variants: The Mosquito was built in 43 different marks for a variety of roles, with a total production of 7,781 aircraft. The fuselage was largely made of balsa and plywood sandwich formed on molds, and the wings were built as a single unit with wood spars and stringers with plywood webs and skinning

Service: The Mosquito flew with the Royal Air Force (RAF) and other air forces in various theaters, including Europe, the Mediterranean, Italy, Southeast Asia, and the Pacific. It was also operated by the Royal Australian Air Force during the Pacific War

Legacy: The Mosquito's legacy is marked by its versatility, speed, and the innovative use of materials. It remains one of the most celebrated aircraft of World War II, known for its exceptional performance and adaptability in various roles

References

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DH110 Sea Vixen FAW.2 XJ565

DH110 Sea Vixen FAW.2
DH110 Sea Vixen FAW.2
DH110 Sea Vixen FAW.2 XJ565v
DH110 Sea Vixen FAW.2 XJ565

Sea Vixen FAW.2 XJ565

The Sea Vixen FAW.2 XJ565 is preserved and displayed at the de Havilland Aircraft Museum, where it serves as a significant exhibit showcasing the technological advancements and operational history of the Fleet Air Arm during the Cold War era

Design and Development: The de Havilland DH.110 Sea Vixen is a British twin-engine, twin boom-tailed, two-seat, carrier-based fleet air-defence fighter. It was designed by the de Havilland Aircraft Company during the late 1940s and entered service with the Royal Navy's Fleet Air Arm from the 1950s to the early 1970s

Variants: The Sea Vixen went through several variants, with the FAW.2 being an improved version of the initial FAW.1. The FAW.2 introduced several upgrades, including the GEC AI Mk. 18 radar and the ability to carry more advanced missiles

Service History: The Sea Vixen FAW.2 XJ565 was built as a Mk.1 at Christchurch in 1960 and later converted to a Mk.2 at Chester in 1965. This particular aircraft is now on display at the de Havilland Aircraft Museum in Hertfordshire

Technical Specifications: The Sea Vixen FAW.2 featured a powered folding wing system, reinforced landing gear for carrier landings, a steerable nose wheel, and a redesigned fuselage to carry armament. It was powered by two Rolls-Royce Avon turbojet engines

Operational Use: The Sea Vixen was primarily used for fleet air defence and was equipped with various armaments, including Firestreak and Red Top air-to-air missiles. It was known for its robust performance and versatility in different operational roles

DH110 Sea Vixen FAW.2 XJ565
DH110 Sea Vixen FAW.2 XJ565
DH110 Sea Vixen FAW.2 XJ565
DH110 Sea Vixen FAW.2 XJ565
DH110 Sea Vixen FAW.2 XJ565
DH110 Sea Vixen FAW.2 XJ565

de Havilland DH112 Sea Venom FAW.22

DH112 Sea Venom
DH112 Sea Venom FAW.22

Civil Aricraft

DH.106 Comet

DH106 Comet
DH106 Comet
DH106 Comet
DH106 Comet

DH106 Comet

Development and First Flight: The Comet was developed and manufactured by de Havilland in the United Kingdom. The Comet 1 prototype first flew on July 27, 1949, from Hatfield Aerodrome, piloted by de Havilland chief test pilot John "Cats Eyes" Cunningham

Design and Features: The Comet featured an aerodynamically clean design with four de Havilland Ghost turbojet engines buried in the wing roots. It had a pressurized cabin and large windows, which were innovative features at the time

Service and Impact: The Comet entered commercial service in 1952 with British Overseas Airways Corporation (BOAC). It set new standards for flight performance and passenger comfort, marking the beginning of the jet age in commercial aviation

Challenges and Redesign: The early Comet models faced significant challenges, including structural issues that led to several fatal crashes. Investigations revealed that metal fatigue due to repeated pressurization and depressurization cycles caused structural failures. As a result, all Comets were grounded, and de Havilland embarked on a major redesign of the aircraft to address these issue

Legacy: Despite its early setbacks, the Comet paved the way for future jet airliners and remains a significant milestone in aviation history. The Comet 4, an improved version, made the world's first jet-powered passenger crossing of the Atlantic on October 4, 1958

References

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BAe.146 Whisper Jet

BAe.146 Whisper Jet
BAe.146 Whisper Jet
BAe.146 Whisper Jet
BAe.146 Whisper Jet

BAe 146 Whisper Jet

The BAe 146 Whisper Jet is a regional airliner that was originally developed and manufactured by British Aerospace (BAe). Known for its quiet operation, the BAe 146 is often referred to as the "Whisper Jet" due to its relatively low noise levels compared to other aircraft in its class.

Design and Development: The BAe 146 was designed in the 1970s and first flew in 1981. It was intended to serve short-haul routes and operate from airports with shorter runways.

Variants: The BAe 146 comes in several variants, including the BAe 146-100, BAe 146-200, and BAe 146-300, each with different seating capacities and range capabilities. There is also a variant known as the Avro RJ, which features updated engines and systems.

Capacity: The aircraft typically seats between 70 to 112 passengers, depending on the variant and configuration.

Engines: The BAe 146 is powered by four Honeywell ALF 502 or Lycoming ALF 502 turbofan engines, which contribute to its quiet operation.

Performance: The BAe 146 has a cruising speed of around 465 mph (750 km/h) and a range of approximately 1,800 miles (2,900 km), depending on the variant.

Operational Use: The BAe 146 has been used by various airlines around the world, including regional carriers and charter services. It is also used for specialized roles such as VIP transport and cargo operations.

Noise Levels: One of the standout features of the BAe 146 is its low noise levels, making it a popular choice for operations in noise-sensitive areas.

References

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DH.114 Heron

DH.114 Heron
DH.114 Heron

DH.114

Development and Design: The DH.114 Heron was developed by de Havilland as a stretched version of the successful DH.104 Dove. It featured a stretched fuselage and two additional engines, making it a four-engine aircraft. The Heron was designed as a rugged, conventional low-wing monoplane with a tricycle undercarriage, suitable for regional and commuter routes

First Flight and Service Entry: he Heron first flew on May 10, 1950, and entered service later that year. It was designed to provide reliable and comfortable service with seating for up to 17 passengers1

Operational Use: The Heron was well-received by flight crews and passengers for its additional safety factor due to its four engines. It was particularly useful in isolated and remote regions where smaller airliners were still rare1. The aircraft was used by various commercial airlines and military organizations. In the UK, it replaced the de Havilland DH89 Rapide on Scottish Highland and Island services of BEA. Other commercial users included Jersey Airlines, Cambrian Airways, and Channel Airways. The Royal Air Force (RAF) and the Fleet Air Arm also utilized the Heron in various roles

Variants and Conversions: The Heron underwent several modifications and conversions throughout its operational life. For instance, some aircraft were converted to be powered by Lycoming IO-540 engines, which improved their performance and reliability. These conversions were carried out in various countries, including the USA, Australia, and Japan45. The Heron was also the basis for various other conversions, such as the Riley Turbo Skyliner and the Saunders ST-27 and ST-28

Accidents and Incidents: Like many aircraft, the Heron was involved in several accidents. Notable incidents include a crash on Mount Capanne, Italy, in 1960, and another accident in Japan in 1963. These incidents highlighted the challenges of operating in diverse and sometimes harsh environments

References

DH104 Dove MK.8 G-AREA

DH104 Dove MK.8 G-AREA
DH104 Dove MK.8 G-AREA

DH104 Dove MK.8 G-AREA

Development and Design: The DH.104 Dove was developed by de Havilland as a successor to the earlier Dragon Rapide. It was designed as a twin-engine, low-wing monoplane with a tricycle undercarriage, suitable for short-haul regional and commuter routes. The aircraft was designed to be rugged and reliable, capable of operating from short and unprepared airstrips, which made it ideal for use in remote and isolated regions.

First Flight and Service Entry: The Dove first flew on September 25, 1945, and entered service in 1946. It quickly became popular with both military and civilian operators due to its versatility and reliability. The aircraft was designed to provide comfortable and efficient service with seating for up to 11 passengers, making it a popular choice for regional airlines and private operators.

Operational Use: The Dove was well-received by flight crews and passengers for its performance and safety. It was used by various commercial airlines and military organizations around the world. In the UK, the Dove was used by airlines such as British European Airways (BEA) and independent operators like Air Kruise and Air Enterprises. It was also adopted by the Royal Air Force (RAF) and the Royal Navy for various roles, including transport and training.

Variants and Conversions: The Dove underwent several modifications and conversions throughout its operational life. For instance, some aircraft were converted for executive transport and other specialized roles. The aircraft was also the basis for various other developments, including the de Havilland Heron, which featured a stretched fuselage and additional engines.

References

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link to flickr photography album
map of location

About De Havilland Aircraft Museum

The de Havilland Aircraft Museum was the first aviation museum in Britain, when it opened to the public on 15 May 1959, just 18 years after the Mosquito Night Fighter W4052 had been flown out of adjacent fields by Geoffrey de Havilland Jnr.

Aviation first came to Salisbury Hall in October 1939 when the de Havilland Mosquito design team moved in as a security precaution against the British Government stopping work on the project. The Mosquito was designed initially as an unarmed high speed bomber, later being developed into the first multi-role combat aircraft, excelling in unarmed photo reconnaissance, night fighter, precision strike, intruder, and anti-shipping roles, amongst others. A barn like hangar was erected across the moat where the first prototype was hand built out of wood by a team of craftsmen, using non-strategic material and non-strategic labour. A total of three Mosquitos were flown out of the surrounding fields to Hatfield saving a month of dismantling and reassembly.

The Mosquito Prototype W4050 returned to become the first aviation exhibit housed in a hangar behind Salisbury Hall, saved for posterity by Bill Baird and Walter Goldsmith under what was then known as the Mosquito Appeal Fund. Walter had discovered the Mosquito link with Salisbury Hall, and approached Bill Baird, who was desperately trying to find a home for this priceless aircraft, to save it from a November 5th bonfire. Walter contacted many of the original WW2 Mosquito sub-contractors requesting funds to erect a hangar to house the Prototype, since it would not last long in the open. A suitable Robin hangar was found nearby and moved to Salisbury Hall, inside which the Prototype was assembled. Members of the Committee included Sir Geoffrey de Havilland, Constance Babington-Smith who discovered the V-1 rocket in a reconnaissance photo of Peenemunde, the aviation author Charles Gibbs-Smith, John Cunningham, a senior representative of the RAF Benevolent Fund, Lord Erskin, as well as Walter and Bill Baird.

www.dehavillandmuseum.co.uk
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