Key historical points

Ancient origins: Founded by the Carthaginian commander Hasdrubal and later an important Roman city known as Carthago Nova.
Strategic port: Its natural harbour made Cartagena a naval and commercial hub through Roman, Byzantine, Islamic and modern Spanish periods; it became the base of Spain’s Mediterranean fleet under the Bourbons.

Main sights and museums

Roman Theatre and Archaeological sites: A well-preserved Roman theatre discovered in the late 20th century is a highlight.
ARQUA National Museum of Underwater Archaeology: Focuses on maritime archaeology and finds linked to Cartagena’s seafaring past.
Historic centre and modernist architecture: The Town Hall, Calle Mayor, and the Muralla del Mar sea wall frame a compact old town with museums, plazas and restaurants.

Key historical points

Ancient origins: Founded in antiquity (known in Roman times as Ilura or Heliocroca), Lorca was an important settlement on the Via Augusta. Medieval and modern role: In the Middle Ages Lorca was a frontier city between Christian and Muslim territories; its strategic harbour and fortress shaped later military and civic architecture.

Main sights and heritage highlights

Lorca Castle — Fortress of the Sun: A dominant hilltop fortress that incorporates medieval and later military works; it is one of the city’s principal attractions. Baroque historic centre: Lorca is often called the “Baroque city” for its concentration of Baroque churches, palaces (Guevara Palace, Palace of the Counts of San Julián) and stately homes. Archaeology and museums: The Municipal Archaeological Museum (MUAL) and other local museums display finds from prehistoric, Iberian, Roman and medieval periods.